Russian in class? Stamp it out or just accept it?

When I first began teaching, one of my major hang-ups in class was that everything had to be in English. I'd get stressed out if any of the Students used Russian, thinking that all teaching methods were wrong and that somehow I just wasn't doing it right. However, as these initial worries pass and you become more confident in class, the constant demand for English, English, English, isn't always so pressing.

Of course, it is true that in TEFL Eden all your Ss speak English all the time, even at the most elementary of levels. Unfortunately, this does not always ring true, so before getting worked up about it, it is important to look at why Ss use L1 in class and when it is acceptable and when it is not.

Why Ss use L1 in the classroom?

1) As a rule, TEFL classes are generally amusing and stimulating with lots of interesting input. It may be the case that Ss immediately react to such stimuli by responding in their native tongue, especially if the situation is funny. Even if they have studied English for a long time, it takes a lot to get used to using a second language naturally, especially as they may not have a lot of practice outside the classroom.

2) Sometimes Ss find the tasks too difficult and frustrating, particularly when they realize that they don't have the actual vocabulary or expressions to fully express their ideas.

3) Russian may spring up out of boredom, or lack of interest. Early finishers often cannot resist the temptation to break out into L1.

4) Translating words between students often happens in Russian. It is much quicker for Ss to translate a word immediately into Russian/English rather than spend ages labouring over some convoluted attempt at explaining without a direct translation.

5) Confidence plays a big part in language learning. An all-English environment can be rather daunting at the beginning, especially when you don't know the teacher or the other Ss very well. Ss might check their comprehension in Russian just so that they don't look foolish in front of the other Ss. It's a big thing to express yourself coherently in another language and so Russia might be used to fall back on.

6) Lastly, Russians are used to English classes in Russian, so they require time to get used to our strange methods of teaching!

So, I think that speaking Russian in class is not always something that should be frowned upon. However, we are working towards a complete English environment where progress can flourish, so here are some tips to help:

A. Before the Class

• Ensure that Ss always have the target language and necessary vocabulary (pre-teach/elicit) before they begin the exercise. This may seem obvious, but it's easy to overestimate your Ss.
• Think carefully about your instructions. They need to be crystal clear to avoid any confusion.
• Ensure that the topics will maintain interest and try to always have something up your sleeve for those who finish early. If the lessons are engaging, I usually find that Ss speak English.

B. In Class

• Don't be tempted to use Russian yourself. It's easier for them if they know you understand.
• If you speak another language, try using that. The Ss usually get your point then.
• Be aware - if you hear any Russian in class, try to decide if it's acceptable or not. If not, a good glare or look of surprise usually works.
• If Ss continue to use Russian in class, tell them it's ok...it's a free Russian lesson for you! They usually stop after that!
• I've been told that 'fining' students works. 10 roubles every time they speak Russian! The efficacy of this depends upon your ability to extract the cash!
• If all else fails, look exasperated, amused or just annoyed. They like characters in class!

Rachel